The use of high-solids loadings (≥15% solids, w/w) in the unit operations of lignocellulose conversion processes potentially offers many advantages over lower-solids loadings, including increased sugar and ethanol concentrations and decreased production and capital costs. Since the term lignocellulosic materials refers to a wide range of feedstocks (agricultural and forestry residues, distillery by-products, and dedicated energy crops like grasses), the term “solids loading” here is defined by the amount of dry material that enters the process divided by the total mass of material and water added to the material. The goal of this study is to provide a consolidated review of studies using a high-solids pretreatment step in the conversion process. Included in this review is a brief discussion of the limitations, such as the lack of available water to promote mass transfer, increased substrate viscosity, and increased concentration of inhibitors produced affecting pretreatment, as well as descriptions and findings of pretreatment studies performed at high solids, the latest reactor designs developed for pretreatment at bench- and pilot-scales to address some of the limitations, and high-solids pretreatment operations that have been scaled-up and incorporated into demonstration facilities. Biotechnol. Bioeng.
The efficient enzymatic saccharification of cellulose at low cellulase (protein) loadings continues to be a challenge for commercialization of a process for bioconversion of lignocellulose to ethanol. Currently, effective pretreatment followed by high enzyme loading is needed to overcome several ...
Biofuels produced from lignocellulosic biomass can significantly reduce the energy dependency on fossil fuels and the resulting effects on environment. In this respect, cellulosic ethanol as an alternative fuel has the potential to become a viable energy source in the near future. Over the past f...
The BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) developed a high-throughput screening method to rapidly identify low-recalcitrance biomass variants. Because the customary separation and analysis of liquid and solids between pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis used in conventional analyses is slow, labor-in...
submitted by KimballCallis 2 years and 5 months ago
This study examined the effectiveness of ammonia percolation pretreatment of wheat straw for ethanol production. Ground wheat straw at a 10% (w/v) loading was pretreated with a 15% (v/v) ammonia solution. The experiments were performed at treatment temperature of 50∼170°C and residence ti...
A model predicting suspension-feeding bivalve biomass and its interactions with water quality has been developed and coupled with the Chesapeake Bay Eutrophication Model. This coupling included deposition of filtered particulate matter to the sediments and the recycling of inorganic nutrients bac...
This study investigated the effects of chemical pretreatment and disk-milling conditions on energy consumption for size-reduction and the efficiency of enzymatic cellulose saccharification of a softwood. Lodgepole pine wood chips produced from thinnings of a 100-year-old unmanaged forest were pre...
The performance of Spezyme CP, a commercial cellulase system, and Primafast Luna CL, a textile bio-finishing enzyme, on hydrolysis of substrates following ionic liquid pretreatment was evaluated. Ionic liquid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass produces amorphous cellulose with little residua...
The MixAlco process is an example of consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) in which anaerobic mixed-culture fermentation biochemically converts any biodegradable feedstock into carboxylate salts. Downstream processing thermochemically transforms the resulting salts into mixed alcohol fuels or gasoline...
