Debaryomyces hansenii is a halotolerant yeast species that has been shown to carry various nuclear genes of plasmid or viral origin (NUPAVs). However, a recent ancestor of such NUPAVs has not been identified. Here we determined for the first time the molecular structure of an entire cytoplasmic linear plasmid, pDH1A, indigenous to this species. The element is related to non-autonomous killer plasmids from Kluyveromyces lactis and Pichia acaciae and carries a B-type DNA polymerase as well as remnants of a killer toxin system, a secreted chitin-binding protein. Other essential toxin subunits or an immunity function, however, appear to be lost while two additional small open reading frames are present. Transcripts for all four genes located on pDH1A could be verified by RT-PCR. Interestingly, all genes from pDH1A could be identified as ancestors of NUPAVs located at different chromosomes within the nucleus of D. hansenii, suggesting repeated nuclear capture of fragments originating from pDH1A. The sequence of pDH1A has been deposited in the GenBank data library, Accession No. JN624283.
Optimization of host cell lines both for transient and stable protein production is typically hampered by the inherent heterogeneity of cells within a population. This heterogeneity is caused not only by "hard fact" gene mutations, but also by subtle differences in the cellular network of regulat...
One feature of globalization is the growing number of temporary labour migrants, but their experience of settlement does not always fit the dominant perspective of transnational migration. Unlike transnational migrants, circular migrants tend not to be equally entrenched in home and host societie...
Host cells respond to viral infections by synthesizing and producing antiviral molecules such as type I interferons (IFN). The Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes multiple proteins expressed during the lytic replication cycle that alter the antiviral response of the host. Conside...
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) tend to lose weight progressively over years. Weight gain following deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for treatment of PD has been documented in several studies that were limited by small sample size and ...
Parasite species richness is a fundamental characteristic of host species and varies substantially among host communities. Hypotheses aiming to explain observed patterns of richness are numerous, and none is universal. In this study, we use tapeworm parasites of elasmobranch fishes to examine the...
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Structural instability has been frequently observed in natural plasmids and vectors used for protein expression or DNA vaccine development. However, there is a lack of information concerning hotspot mapping, namely, DNA repeats or sequences identical to the host genome. This led us to evaluate th...
Supercritically dried composites have already been analysed and proposed as carbon dioxide sequesters. However, the economical and energetic costs of the supercritical drying process had to be re-evaluated, and were eventually found not to enhance the feasibility of the proposed route for CO2 min...
Horizontal transfer (HT) of genes is known to be an important mechanism of genetic innovation, especially in prokaryotes. The impact of HT of transposable elements (TEs), however, has only recently begun to receive widespread attention and may be significant due to their mutagenic potential, inhe...
In East Africa, animal trypanosomiasis is caused by many tsetse transmitted protozoan parasites including Trypanosoma vivax, T.congolense and subspecies of T.brucei s.l. (T.b.brucei and zoonotic human infective T. b. rhodesiense) that may co-circulate in domestic and wild animals. Accurate specie...
Replication of human papillomavirus (HPV) genomes requires an origin of replication and two viral proteins: the DNA helicase E1 and the auxiliary factor E2. To dissect the profile of HPV replication in the epithelium, we analyzed replication of an HPV16 origin-containing plasmid in human epitheli...
