By screening 74 chordate genomes for endogenous lentiviruses using Pol sequences of exogenous lentiviruses as a reference, we identified a novel endogenous lentivirus in the genome of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the ferret endogenous lentivirus, denoted ELVmpf, diverged early in the evolution of the mammalian lentiviruses, although with a lack of resolution at key nodes. These data support the notion that lentiviruses have evolved on timescales of millions of years.
Lentiviruses, the genus of retrovirus that includes HIV-1, rarely endogenize. Some lemurs uniquely possess an endogenous lentivirus called PSIV ("prosimian immunodeficiency virus"). Thus, lemurs provide the opportunity to study the activity of host defense factors, such as TRIM5α, in the se...
Plant cells are constantly exposed to environmental agents and endogenous processes that inflict damage to DNA and cause genotoxic stress, which can reduce plant genome stability, growth and productivity. Plants are most affected by solar UV-B radiation, which damage the DNA by inducing the forma...
To establish a convenient and efficient transformation system of the marine-sourced filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108. The endogenous actin promoter was cloned with degenerate primers and genome walking strategy, and utilized in the electroporation of P. herbarum YS4108. Using hygromycin B...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotide long, noncoding, endogenous RNA molecules which exert their functions by base pairing with messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby regulate protein-coding gene expression. In eukaryotic cells, miRNAs play important roles in regulating biological processes such as pro...
Suppression of gene expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) has proved to be a gene-specific and cost effective alternative to other gene suppression technologies. Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) generated from the vector-based expression are believed to be processed into functional siRNAs in viv...
Antifolates, such as methotrexate (MTX), are the treatment of choice for numerous cancers. MTX inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which is essential for cell growth and proliferation. Mammalian cells can acquire resistance to antifolate treatment through a variety of mechanisms but decrease...
submitted by incltroflooxac 2 years and 5 months ago
Endogenous retroviruses represent about 8% of the human genome and belong to the superfamily of transposable and retrotransposable genetic elements. Altogether, these mobile genetic elements and their numerous inactivated "junk" sequences represent nearly one half of the human DNA. Nonetheless, a...
submitted by incltroflooxac 2 years and 5 months ago
Successful identification of homozygous and heterozygous transgenic plant with currently available techniques such as southern blot hybridization, dot blot hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and so on, demands tedious and time-consuming procedures with a high proportion of a...
About 8% of human genome is constituted by retroviral sequences. Some of these have been classified as human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which have been implicated in both health and disease. Recently, indirect evidence for a possible role of retroviral elements in neurological diseases has ...
submitted by mofotlolmkhir 2 years and 5 months ago
Sugarcane is a crop with great potential for metabolic engineering, but progress has been limited by highly efficient transgene silencing. The potential exists to utilize efficient gene silencing in molecular improvement through down-regulation of sugarcane genes. However, sugarcane is highly pol...
